![]() Tension between Great Britain and its colonies in America in the middle of the eighteenth century eventually led to the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War in 1775. The eminent domain clause: Establishes the government’s right to take private property for public use (such as for building roads) but it also requires the government to pay a fair price (give “just compensation”) for the property it seizes.The due process clause: Prohibits the government from taking any legal actions or passing any laws that unfairly deprive a person of life, liberty, or property.Refusing to answer questions for this reason is sometimes called “taking the fifth,” in reference to the Fifth Amendment. The self-incrimination clause: Gives individuals the right to remain silent if their words might be used against them in court.The double jeopardy clause: Prohibits the government from trying a person more than once for the same crime. ![]() The grand jury clause: States that a person accused of a federal crime must be formally charged by a grand jury (an impartial group of citizens) before being brought to trial.The following are short descriptions of each of the Fifth Amendment’s five clauses: New Jersey, NovemMaryland, DecemNorth Carolina, DecemSouth Carolina, JanuNew Hampshire, JanuDelaware, JanuNew York, FebruPennsylvania, MaRhode Island, JVermont, NovemVirginia, Decem(amendment adopted). Declared to be part of the Constitution on December 15, 1791. Ratified by the required three-fourths of states (eleven of fourteen) on December 15, 1791. Submitted by Congress to the states on September 25, 1789, along with the other nine amendments that comprise the Bill of Rights. But, in fact, the Fifth Amendment’s five clauses provide some of the Constitution’s broadest and strongest protections against government abuse of power. At first glance the amendment appears to be concerned with fairly technical legal issues. The Fifth Amendment is something of a condensed Bill of Rights itself, the most all-encompassing amendment in the Bill of Rights. No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.
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